HIV Transmission Topics. Other Resources. Get tailored information about your risk and learn how to protect yourself. Top of Page. More HIV Topics. Follow HIV. Rabies virus In contrast to norovirus, rabies virus is usually transmitted via saliva following a bite from an infected animal, which results in encephalitis. Human papillomavirus Human papillomaviruses are a family of DNA viruses that infect epithelial cells of the skin and mucosa.
Hepatitis C virus The common hepatotropic viruses that cause viral hepatitis are hepatitis viruses A—E. Hepatitis C virus and saliva A strong correlation between serum and salivary antibody levels against hepatitis C virus infections have been reported since 4. HIV and saliva The three main transmission routes of HIV infection are unprotected sexual intercourse, the use of contaminated needles and transmission from mother to child during pregnancy, birth and breastfeeding.
Concluding remarks The oral cavity is a major site for infection and transmission of viruses References 1. Exposure to multiple subgenotypes of hepatitis A virus during an outbreak using matched serum and saliva specimens.
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Further experiments indicated that the cell disruption is due to the hypotonicity of saliva:. Conclusions: Hypotonic disruption may be a major mechanism by which saliva kills infected mononuclear leukocytes and prevents their attachment to mucosal epithelial cells and production of infectious HIV, thereby preventing transmission.
Implications for the known oral HIV transmission by milk and seminal fluid, as well as potential oral transmission to contacts and health care workers, are considered.
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